n-Dodecylammonium Iodide 99% C12 Precursor ATOMFAIR®

N-DODECYLAMMONIUM IODIDE C₁₂H₂₈IN 99% CAS 34099-97-3

RESEARCH GRADE MATERIAL

Product Overview

n-Dodecylammonium Iodide (C₁₂H₂₈IN, CAS 34099-97-3) is an ultra-long straight-chain alkyl iodide salt 2D perovskite precursor with C₁₂H₂₈IN 99% purity, supplied as a white powder with a molecular weight of 313.26 g/mol and freely soluble in perovskite polar organic solvents including DMF and DMSO. The twelve-carbon dodecyl chain provides the strongest hydrophobic effect among common alkylammonium spacer cations, constructing exceptionally stable two-dimensional layered perovskite structures. This 2D perovskite hydrophobic barrier material effectively blocks moisture and oxygen ingress into the perovskite lattice, passivates grain boundary and surface iodine vacancy defects, and suppresses perovskite phase degradation. The ultra-long alkyl chain delivers dramatic improvements in device environmental stability that significantly exceed those achievable with shorter-chain analogs. Widely employed in the fabrication and surface passivation modification of 2D perovskite solar cells, photodetectors, and X-ray sensor devices, this precursor is compatible with spin-coating and precursor co-blending mainstream experimental processes. With uniform batch-to-batch purity and good experimental reproducibility, the product requires strict light-sensitive hygroscopic glovebox storage to maintain material integrity.

Technical Specifications

PARAMETER	DETAILS
Molecular Formula	C₁₂H₂₈IN
CAS Number	34099-97-3
Molecular Weight	313.26 g/mol
Alkyl Chain Length	C12 (Dodecyl)
Specification	10 g
Purity	>99%
Physical Form	White Powder
Solubility	Freely Soluble in DMF, DMSO and Polar Organic Solvents
Storage Conditions	Light-Protected, Dry, Sealed, Room Temperature; Long-Term: N₂ Glovebox Recommended
Custom Configurations	Other packaging specifications are available upon request. Please contact us via email for custom orders.

Key Features & Advantages

Ultra-Long C12 Chain for Maximum Hydrophobic Protection: The twelve-carbon dodecyl chain provides the most robust hydrophobic barrier among standard alkylammonium spacers, delivering dramatically superior moisture and oxygen exclusion compared to shorter-chain butyl, hexyl, or octyl analogs for ultimate environmental stability.
Suppression of Perovskite Phase Degradation: The dense hydrophobic organic layer formed by the dodecylammonium cation effectively prevents water-induced perovskite phase transition and decomposition, maintaining the photoactive black phase under ambient conditions that would rapidly degrade unprotected films.
Iodine Vacancy and Grain Boundary Passivation: The ammonium head group passivates iodine vacancy defects and grain boundary trap states while the ultra-long chain provides an extended spatial barrier that physically separates adjacent perovskite grains from environmental exposure pathways.
Ideal for High-Stability Device Applications: The exceptional environmental stability imparted by the C12 spacer makes this precursor particularly well-suited for 2D perovskite solar cells, X-ray detectors, and photodetectors where long-term operational stability under ambient conditions is a critical performance requirement.

APPLICATION SCOPE: Ultra-long-chain organic spacer cation for highly stable 2D Ruddlesden-Popper phase perovskite synthesis. Maximum hydrophobic barrier precursor for moisture-resistant and oxygen-resistant perovskite devices. Surface passivation and grain boundary modification agent for iodine vacancy defect suppression. Phase degradation inhibitor for maintaining photoactive perovskite phase under ambient exposure. Compatible with spin-coating and precursor co-blending deposition protocols. Supports 2D perovskite solar cell, photodetector, and X-ray sensor device research in university and research institute laboratories where extended ambient stability is the primary experimental objective.

PACKAGING: This listing is for the 10 g specification. Other packaging weights are available upon custom request. Each package is sealed under inert atmosphere within light-protective packaging to prevent photodegradation and moisture ingress. The hygroscopic nature of n-dodecylammonium iodide necessitates immediate transfer to a desiccated, light-protected storage environment—preferably a nitrogen-filled glovebox for long-term storage. For bulk quantities or custom packaging specifications, please contact us via email.

IMPORTANT NOTICE: n-Dodecylammonium iodide is hygroscopic and light-sensitive. Tighten the container cap immediately after each use to prevent moisture ingress from ambient air. Wear protective gloves throughout all experimental procedures; avoid direct skin contact with the powder. Store in a light-protected, moisture-free environment; do not store together with strong acids or strong oxidizing agents. Prioritize powder weighing and solution preparation within a nitrogen-filled inert glovebox (H₂O < 1 ppm, O₂ < 1 ppm). For long-term storage, inert-atmosphere glovebox conditions are recommended. Exposure to atmospheric moisture will cause deliquescence and hydrolysis, irreversibly degrading precursor stoichiometry. Note that the long C12 chain may reduce precursor solubility compared to shorter-chain analogs—ensure complete dissolution before filtration or deposition. For detailed safety and handling information, consult the Safety Data Sheet prior to use.

TAILORED SOLUTIONS FOR RESEARCH

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EMAIL: inquiry@atomfair.com

Manufacturer: Atomfair LLC

Brand: ATOMFAIR®

This hygroscopic and light-sensitive material requires strict exclusion of moisture and light to prevent deliquescence, hydrolysis, and photodegradation. Exposure to atmospheric moisture irreversibly degrades precursor stoichiometry and compromises device reproducibility.

Moisture Sensitivity: The white powder deliquesces upon ambient moisture exposure, necessitating immediate transfer to a desiccated, light-protected environment after opening.
Light Sensitivity: Photodegradation is prevented by storing the material in light-protective packaging and avoiding prolonged exposure to UV or visible light during handling.
Inert Atmosphere Requirement: Powder weighing and solution preparation must be performed inside a nitrogen-filled glovebox with H₂O and O₂ below 1 ppm to maintain material integrity.
Chemical Incompatibility: The compound must not be stored together with strong acids or strong oxidizing agents to prevent hazardous reactions.
Solubility Consideration: The long C12 chain reduces precursor solubility in polar solvents compared to shorter-chain analogs, requiring confirmation of complete dissolution before filtration or deposition.

HowTo

This protocol ensures material stability and experimental reproducibility when working with this hygroscopic, light-sensitive 2D perovskite precursor. All steps must be performed under inert atmosphere conditions to prevent degradation.

Required Equipment: Nitrogen-filled inert glovebox (H₂O < 1 ppm, O₂ < 1 ppm), Light-protective storage container or amber glass vial, Chemical-resistant protective gloves

Prepare glovebox environment
Set the inert glovebox atmosphere to maintain H₂O and O₂ levels below 1 ppm before opening the product container.
Transfer powder to glovebox
Transfer the sealed, light-protective package into the glovebox antechamber and purge according to standard protocol before opening.
Weigh powder under inert atmosphere
Weigh the required amount of white powder inside the glovebox using a clean, dry spatula and an amber glass vial to minimize light exposure.
Dissolve in anhydrous solvent
Dissolve the powder in anhydrous DMF or DMSO under inert atmosphere, stirring until complete dissolution is achieved before any filtration or deposition step.
Seal container immediately
Tighten the container cap tightly immediately after each use inside the glovebox to prevent moisture ingress from ambient air.
Store in light-protected, desiccated location
Store the sealed container in a light-protected, dry environment at room temperature, ideally inside the nitrogen glovebox for long-term stability.

FAQ

How does the C12 dodecyl chain length of n-dodecylammonium iodide impact its solubility in common perovskite solvents compared to shorter-chain analogs?

The ultra-long C12 chain provides the strongest hydrophobic effect but reduces solubility in polar solvents like DMF and DMSO relative to shorter-chain alkylammonium iodides. The product description notes that 'the long C12 chain may reduce precursor solubility compared to shorter-chain analogs,' requiring complete dissolution before filtration or deposition.

What are the critical storage conditions required to prevent degradation of n-dodecylammonium iodide?

n-Dodecylammonium iodide is hygroscopic and light-sensitive. It must be stored light-protected, dry, sealed at room temperature; for long-term storage, a nitrogen-filled glovebox (H2O <1 ppm, O2 <1 ppm) is recommended. Exposure to atmospheric moisture causes deliquescence and hydrolysis, irreversibly degrading precursor stoichiometry.

How does n-dodecylammonium iodide enhance the environmental stability of 2D perovskite devices?

The dodecylammonium cation forms a dense hydrophobic organic layer that prevents water-induced perovskite phase transition and decomposition, maintaining the photoactive black phase under ambient conditions. Additionally, the ammonium head group passivates iodine vacancy defects and grain boundary trap states, while the ultra-long chain provides a spatial barrier that separates perovskite grains from environmental exposure pathways.

Assessment

n-Dodecylammonium Iodide (C12 chain) provides the strongest hydrophobic barrier among standard alkylammonium spacers for 2D perovskite devices, significantly improving moisture and oxygen resistance compared to shorter-chain analogs, but requires strict glovebox handling to prevent hygroscopic degradation and has reduced solubility in polar solvents due to the ultra-long alkyl chain.

Positive

Ultra-long C12 hydrophobic barrier: The twelve-carbon dodecyl chain delivers the most robust moisture and oxygen exclusion among common alkylammonium spacers, suppressing perovskite phase degradation and maintaining photoactive black phase under ambient conditions that would degrade shorter-chain analogs.
Iodine vacancy and grain boundary passivation: The ammonium head group passivates iodine vacancy defects and grain boundary trap states while the long alkyl chain physically separates perovskite grains from environmental exposure pathways, enhancing device stability.

Trade-offs

Strict hygroscopic glovebox storage required: The material is hygroscopic and light-sensitive; exposure to atmospheric moisture causes deliquescence and hydrolysis, irreversibly degrading precursor stoichiometry. Long-term storage in a nitrogen glovebox (H2O < 1 ppm, O2 < 1 ppm) is mandatory.
Reduced solubility from long C12 chain: The ultra-long dodecyl chain may decrease solubility in polar solvents (DMF, DMSO) compared to shorter-chain analogs, requiring careful confirmation of complete dissolution before filtration or deposition.

Quality Standards & Performance Verification

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To request raw batch performance data, submit formal vendor registration paperwork, or execute a fast-turnaround R&D manufacturing loop, contact us at inquiry@atomfair.com.

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