lithium battery slurry abnormalities are common challenges in the electrode manufacturing process of lithium-ion batteries, directly affecting the quality of electrode sheets and the overall performance of batteries. As the core link in electrode preparation, slurry mixing involves the uniform compounding of active materials, conductive agents, binders, and solvents. Any imbalance in the multiphase interface, mass transfer, heat transfer, or material dispersion during this process can lead to slurry abnormalities, which not only cause material waste and process failure but also reduce the cycle life and safety of lithium batteries. This article systematically analyzes six typical types of lithium battery slurry abnormalities from a scientific perspective, clarifies their apparent characteristics, formation mechanisms, and core causes, and proposes practical control strategies, providing valuable references for researchers and industrial practitioners worldwide.
In the entire process chain of lithium battery electrode preparation, slurry mixing is the key link to achieve uniform compounding of the multiphase system of active materials, conductive agents, binders, and solvents. The quality of the prepared slurry directly determines the microstructure and macro performance of the electrode sheet, thereby affecting the electrochemical characteristics, cycle life, and safety of the battery cell. As the first critical step in the electrode process, the multiphase interface interaction, mass transfer and heat transfer behavior, and material dispersion state during the slurry mixing process are easily affected by various factors, leading to lithium battery slurry abnormalities. If these problems are not identified and regulated in a timely manner, they will not only cause slurry system failure and raw material loss but also narrow the process window of subsequent coating, rolling, and other processes, ultimately leading to the deterioration of battery cell performance, which has become a key process problem to be solved in the research and industrialization of lithium batteries. The rational selection of high-performance mixing equipment is crucial to improving slurry stability and avoiding abnormalities, and vacuum mixers have become common equipment in the field of lithium battery slurry mixing due to their process advantages.
This article, from a scientific popularization perspective, systematically analyzes the six most common types of lithium battery slurry abnormalities, clarifies the internal relationship between apparent characteristics, formation mechanisms, and core causes, proposes scientific and practical control solutions combined with practical processes and equipment applications, and provides references for researchers’ mechanism research and industrial process optimization combined with material characterization cases and full-process control ideas.
Viscosity Abnormalities: Direct Characterization of Multiphase System Phase Behavior Imbalance
Slurry viscosity is a core indicator reflecting the dispersion state, interface interaction, and rheological properties of the solid-liquid multiphase system, and is a key process parameter for the coating process. The discharge viscosity of positive electrode slurry is usually controlled at around 10000 mPa·s, while that of negative electrode slurry is in the optimal range of 4000-5000 mPa·s. Slurry in this range can balance the fluidity of coating and the uniformity of film formation. Viscosity abnormalities are essentially an imbalance in the phase behavior of the multiphase system, breaking the balance between the interfacial forces between solid and liquid and the rheological properties of the system.
Apparent Scientific Characteristics
The slurry deviates from the optimal viscosity range, showing excessive thickness (high viscosity state) or excessive thinness (low viscosity state), and the rheological properties deviate from the process design value; macroscopically, it directly leads to film formation defects such as streaks, edge shrinkage, and sagging in the coating process; microscopically, it causes uneven distribution of active materials on the electrode sheet, leading to differences in internal polarization of the battery cell and reducing battery consistency.
Core Formation Mechanisms
The solid content deviates from the theoretical design value, leading to an imbalance in the solid-liquid ratio, and changes in the interaction between particles and the hydrodynamic behavior of the system;
Mismatched mixing process parameters, insufficient or excessive shear force and mixing time, failure to achieve thermodynamically stable dispersion of the multiphase system, or excessive shear damage to the formed weak interface bonding;
Poor compatibility between the binder and the solvent, or insufficient swelling and stretching of the binder molecular chains, failure to form a stable three-dimensional network structure, affecting the viscosity support of the system;
Insufficient solvent purity with impurities, or too fast volatilization rate, leading to changes in the dielectric constant and solvation capacity of the system, damaging the multiphase interface balance.
Scientific Control Strategies
Optimize the solid-liquid ratio based on phase diagram theory, accurately control the mass fraction of active materials, conductive agents, and binders, and restore the balance of the solid-liquid ratio of the system;
Adopt a phased rheological control mixing process, through stepwise speed control of “low-speed mixing (material wetting) – high-speed shearing (particle dispersion)”, match the mass transfer and dispersion dynamics of the system, and reduce the problem of excessive or insufficient shear;
Regulate the process conditions according to the solubility characteristics of the binder, such as heating PVDF in NMP to 50-60℃, accelerating the swelling and stretching of molecular chains through temperature regulation, ensuring the full dissolution of the binder and the formation of a stable interface network;
Purify the solvent, and control the ambient temperature and humidity based on mass transfer theory to construct a dynamic balance of solvent volatilization and avoid dynamic changes in the solvent content of the system. For more details on solvent purification technology, you can refer to the research published by the Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology.
Poor Dispersion: Microscopic Manifestation of Ineffective Depolymerization of Particle Agglomerates
The dispersibility of the slurry is essentially the dispersion state of solid particles in the solvent system, reflecting the depolymerization degree of particle agglomerates and the dispersion uniformity of single particles. Its quality directly determines the continuity of the conductive network of the electrode sheet and the utilization rate of active materials. The core of poor dispersion is that the cohesive forces such as van der Waals forces and electrostatic forces between particles are greater than the mechanical shear force exerted by the mixing equipment, leading to ineffective depolymerization of agglomerates and the formation of micro-scale dispersion unevenness, which is one of the most common lithium battery slurry abnormalities.
Apparent Scientific Characteristics
There are micron-level or even submicron-level particle agglomerates in the slurry. Laser particle size analyzer detection shows that the particle size distribution is wide and there is an abnormal large particle size peak; after making the electrode sheet, four-probe method detection shows that the surface resistance of the electrode sheet is high and uneven, and electrochemical tests show that the battery cell has large polarization and low charge-discharge efficiency.
Core Formation Mechanisms
Conductive agents (such as carbon black) and active material particles have large specific surface area and high surface energy, which are prone to self-agglomeration, and the mechanical force during the mixing process fails to achieve complete depolymerization of the agglomerates;
Insufficient shear force output of the mixing equipment, or uneven distribution of the shear field, failure to form effective shear across the entire slurry system, and agglomerates in some areas not subject to sufficient mechanical action;
No dispersant is introduced into the system, or the adsorption characteristics of the dispersant do not match the particle surface, unable to inhibit particle re-agglomeration through steric hindrance or electrostatic repulsion, lacking a stable dispersion protection mechanism.
Scientific Control Strategies
Adopt a pre-dispersion – step-by-step mixing process strategy: first pre-disperse the high surface energy conductive agent with the solvent, use shear force to achieve depolymerization of primary agglomerates, then gradually add active materials to avoid secondary agglomeration during the mixing of multi-phase particles;
Optimize mixing equipment or process parameters based on fluid mechanics, select high-shear dispersion equipment, increase shear energy input by increasing rotation speed and extending dispersion time, and ensure the dynamic conditions for agglomerate depolymerization;
Select suitable dispersants (such as CMC, PAA, etc.) according to interface adsorption theory, and by adjusting the addition amount and compound ratio of dispersants, make dispersant molecules fully adsorb on the particle surface, build a steric hindrance or electrostatic repulsion layer, and inhibit particle re-agglomeration;
Use low-agglomeration nano-conductive materials (such as carbon nanotubes, graphene) instead of traditional carbon black, use their microstructural characteristics to build a continuous conductive network, and reduce the self-agglomeration tendency of particles. Related research on nano-conductive materials can be found in the Nature Scientific Reports.
Settling and Stratification: Macroscopic Manifestation of Thermodynamic Stability Failure of Solid-Liquid Suspension System
Qualified lithium battery slurry is a thermodynamically metastable solid-liquid suspension system, which relies on weak interactions between particles, three-dimensional network support of binders, and viscosity resistance of fluids to achieve particle suspension. The essence of settling and stratification is the failure of the thermodynamic stability of this suspension system. The settling power of particles under the action of gravity is greater than the suspension resistance of the system, leading to the separation of solid and liquid phases, which is a serious type of lithium battery slurry abnormalities.
Apparent Scientific Characteristics
After the slurry is left standing, obvious phase separation occurs: the upper layer is a clear solvent phase, and the lower layer is a dense solid particle precipitation phase, completely destroying the uniformity of the system; Zeta potential analyzer detection shows that the absolute value of the Zeta potential of the system is low, and the electrostatic repulsion between particles is insufficient.
Core Formation Mechanisms
Insufficient addition of binder, failure to form a sufficient three-dimensional network structure, weakened suspension support for solid particles, unable to offset the gravity settling power of particles;
Too low slurry solid content or too large density difference between solvent and solid particles, leading to insufficient viscosity resistance of the system, and free settling of particles under the action of gravity;
Low Zeta potential of the system, small electrostatic potential difference on the particle surface, and the electrostatic repulsion between particles cannot inhibit particle agglomeration and settling, resulting in poor colloidal stability of the suspension system.
Scientific Control Strategies
Optimize the binder system based on colloid chemistry theory, appropriately increase the amount of binder added, or select modified binders with high viscosity and high film-forming properties (such as modified PVDF) to strengthen the suspension support of the three-dimensional network;
Increase the slurry solid content to increase the viscosity resistance of the system, or add an appropriate amount of thickener to adjust the rheological properties of the system, using the internal friction of the fluid to offset the particle settling power;
Introduce suspension stabilizers, or change the charging characteristics of the particle surface by adjusting the pH value of the system, increase the absolute value of the Zeta potential (usually the absolute value > 30mV is the stable range), enhance the electrostatic repulsion between particles, and improve colloidal stability;
Adopt a continuous mixing storage method based on kinetic principles, break the particle settling balance through continuous weak mechanical action, or shorten the slurry storage time, and complete the coating process within the thermodynamically stable period of the system. For more information on colloidal stability control, you can refer to the guidelines provided by the Colloid Chemistry Society.
Bubbling Problem: Process Problem of Gas-Liquid Interface Formation and Stabilization in the System
The bubbling problem in the preparation process of lithium battery slurry is essentially that after gas is involved in the solid-liquid system, a stable gas-liquid interface is formed, which cannot be degassed through spontaneous floating and breaking. The existence of bubbles will destroy the uniformity of the slurry, and form cavities during the coating and film-forming process, becoming structural defects of the electrode sheet. The application of vacuum mixing technology is the most efficient and thorough way to solve this problem, which is of great significance for reducing lithium battery slurry abnormalities.
Apparent Scientific Characteristics
There are visible macro bubbles or micro bubbles in the slurry system, and the gas-liquid interface inside the slurry can be observed through an optical microscope; after coating, pinholes and cracks appear on the surface of the electrode sheet, the film density decreases, and areas with abnormal porosity are formed microscopically, affecting the mechanical properties and electrochemical properties of the electrode sheet.
Core Formation Mechanisms
During the mixing process, the high-speed rotating stirring paddle forms eddy currents in the slurry, drawing air into the system. At the same time, the poor sealing of the equipment leads to continuous entry of external air, forming a gas-liquid mixing system;
The shear action during mixing and mixing breaks the involved air into micro bubbles. The micro bubbles have large specific surface area and high surface energy, forming a stable gas-liquid interface with the slurry system, which is difficult to float and break spontaneously;
Excessively high ambient temperature or too fast solvent volatilization rate leads to local concentration and temperature differences inside the system, causing solvent vaporization and generating in-situ bubbles.
Scientific Control Strategies
Adopt vacuum degassing technology, preferably a vacuum mixer with a built-in vacuum degassing module. It can reduce the air pressure in the mixing chamber to negative pressure (usually -0.08~-0.1MPa) through a vacuum pump, reduce the solubility of gas in the slurry by using the negative pressure environment, and at the same time make micro bubbles merge into macro bubbles and float up quickly to achieve gas-liquid separation; compared with the traditional two-step process of “mixing first and then degassing”, the vacuum mixer can realize “simultaneous mixing and degassing”, greatly improving degassing efficiency and avoiding new bubbles during the mixing process. Its reasonable stirring paddle design can also strengthen the kneading effect, allowing materials to penetrate and homogenize quickly, balancing degassing and dispersion effects;
Optimize mixing process parameters, appropriately reduce the stirring speed, and balance the dispersion efficiency and bubble generation;
Add suitable defoamers (such as organosilicon, polyether, etc.) according to surface chemistry theory, reduce the interface tension through the adsorption of defoamer molecules at the gas-liquid interface, destroy the stability of bubbles, and make bubbles break quickly;
Control the temperature (20-25℃) and relative humidity (≤30% RH) of the production environment, build a constant temperature and humidity process environment, and inhibit the vaporization and volatilization of solvents to avoid the generation of in-situ bubbles. For the latest research on vacuum mixing technology, you can visit the internal technical documentation on atomfair.com.
Gelation or Caking: Extreme Case of Irreversible Phase Transition of Multiphase System
Gelation or caking is the most serious type of lithium battery slurry abnormalities in the mixing process. It essentially refers to the irreversible phase transition of the solid-liquid multiphase system from a fluid state to a non-flowing gel state or solid caking under the influence of external factors. Its core is that the dissolution state of the binder is destroyed, and the molecular chains undergo irreversible aggregation and crosslinking.
Apparent Scientific Characteristics
The rheological properties of the slurry system change suddenly, the viscosity rises sharply in a short time, and finally loses fluidity, forming hard agglomerates or gel-like substances; rheometer detection shows that the storage modulus of the system is much larger than the loss modulus, showing typical solid viscoelastic characteristics, which cannot be used for subsequent coating processes.
Core Formation Mechanisms
The compatibility between the solvent and the binder is destroyed, such as moisture in NMP in the non-aqueous system, leading to the destruction of the solvation layer of PVDF molecular chains, and the hydrophobic aggregation and precipitation of molecular chains, causing system gelation;
Excessive moisture content in raw materials, moisture as a polar impurity interacts with binders and active materials at the interface, destroying the interface balance of the multiphase system and causing aggregation of binder molecular chains;
In a high-humidity environment, moisture in the air continuously enters the slurry system, aggravating the phase separation and aggregation of the binder. At the same time, moisture undergoes side reactions with some active materials, and the generated products further promote system gelation;
The slurry storage time is too long or the temperature is too high, and slow physical and chemical changes occur inside the system, such as slow crosslinking of binder molecular chains and secondary agglomeration of particles, eventually leading to irreversible gelation.
Scientific Control Strategies
Strictly dry and purify raw materials, control the moisture content of solvents (such as NMP moisture content ≤ 500 ppm), and accurately detect the moisture content of raw materials through Karl Fischer titration to eliminate moisture-containing impurities from the source;
Shorten the service cycle of the slurry based on kinetic principles. It is recommended to complete the coating within 8 hours after preparation to avoid irreversible structural changes of the system during long-term standing;
Add system-compatible stabilizers, inhibit the aggregation and crosslinking of molecular chains through the interaction between stabilizer molecules and binder molecular chains, and adjust the type of binder according to the system characteristics, such as selecting SBR/CMC composite binders for aqueous systems to improve the moisture resistance and stability of the system;
Build a low-humidity process environment, use equipment such as drying rooms to strictly control the ambient humidity, avoid contact between external moisture and the slurry system, and maintain the stability of the multiphase interface. For the standard of raw material drying, you can refer to the industry standards released by the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE).
Abnormal Viscosity Time-Varying Characteristics: Unsteady Manifestation of Dynamic Structure Evolution of Slurry System
Under normal process conditions, the viscosity of lithium battery slurry will show a small and stable dynamic change with the mixing process, and finally reach a thermodynamically stable value. Abnormal viscosity time-varying characteristics refer to the irregular and significant increase or decrease of slurry viscosity with mixing time. Its essence is that the dynamic structure evolution of the slurry system deviates from the normal law, resulting in unsteady structural changes, which is the result of the combined action of process parameters, material characteristics, and environmental factors, and is a common type of lithium battery slurry abnormalities.
Apparent Scientific Characteristics
The change curve of slurry viscosity with mixing time deviates from the stable trend, showing abnormal fluctuations of sharp rise or fall, and the repeatability of the viscosity time-varying curve between batches is poor; technically, it is manifested as a narrow process window of the slurry, large fluctuations in the film formation quality of subsequent coating, and poor batch consistency of battery cell performance.
Core Formation Mechanisms
Material shear degradation, such as the chain scission of PVDF molecular chains in positive electrode slurry under long-term high-speed shear, leading to the destruction of the three-dimensional network structure of the binder and the decrease of system viscosity; the demulsification of SBR latex particles in negative electrode slurry under high-speed shear, or the structural damage under strong shear due to premature addition, leading to abnormal system viscosity;
Dynamic volatilization of solvent during the mixing process, leading to the continuous decrease of solvent content in the system with time, the relative increase of solid content, and the slow increase of viscosity;
Insufficient temperature control capacity of the mixing equipment, the shear heat during the mixing process increases the system temperature with time, leading to the decrease of solvent viscosity and the change of binder dissolution state, causing dynamic fluctuations of slurry viscosity.
Scientific Control Strategies
Optimize the mixing process based on material shear tolerance, determine the critical shear parameters of key materials such as binders through experiments, avoid long-term high-speed shear, and design a “low-speed – high-speed – low-speed” stepwise mixing process to reduce material shear degradation while achieving particle dispersion;
Select mixing equipment with jacket temperature control, timely remove shear heat through the heat exchange system, maintain the constancy of the system temperature during the mixing process, and avoid viscosity changes caused by temperature fluctuations;
Replace shear-resistant binders (such as polyacrylate-based binders). The molecular chains of such binders have high shear stability, which are not easy to break or structurally damage under strong shear, improving the adaptability of the system to process parameters;
Add a solvent replenishment device in the mixing system, and real-time replenish the volatilized solvent based on the kinetic law of solvent volatilization to maintain the constancy of the solid-liquid ratio of the system. For more details on viscosity control, you can refer to the research on lithium battery slurry viscosity regulation on atomfair.com.
Systematic Prevention System: Scientific Prevention and Control Ideas Based on Full-Process Process Control
From the dual perspectives of scientific research and industrialization, the core of solving lithium battery slurry abnormalities is not only “post-event solution” but also “pre-event prevention”. Based on the four-dimensional control idea of material characteristics – process parameters – environmental regulation – process monitoring, build a full-process systematic prevention system, and realize the stabilization and standardization of the mixing process through dual regulation of thermodynamics and dynamics, avoiding the occurrence of slurry abnormalities from the source. Among them, the selection and adaptation of high-performance mixing equipment are the key supports to achieve full-process stable control.
Material End: Accurate Characterization and Strict Screening
Comprehensively characterize all raw materials such as active materials, conductive agents, binders, and solvents at the micro and macro levels, focusing on detecting key indicators such as particle size distribution, specific surface area, surface energy, moisture content, and purity; based on the phase behavior and dispersion law of the slurry system, screen raw materials with good matching and high stability, and eliminate the defect incentives of the materials themselves from the source.
Process End: Experimental Design and Parameter Optimization
Adopt DOE (Design of Experiments) method, explore the influence law of process parameters such as mixing speed, time, temperature, and feeding order on slurry performance through multi-factor and multi-level orthogonal experiments, and determine the optimal process parameter range of each system; based on the dynamics and thermodynamics theory of multi-phase dispersion, build a standardized mixing process document to realize the precise control of process parameters.
Equipment End: Performance Upgrade and Process Adaptation
Select high-precision and high-stability mixing and dispersion equipment, preferably vacuum mixers integrated with high shear, vacuum degassing, jacket temperature control and other functions. They can output sufficient shear energy, greatly shorten the dispersion time, and the slurry after mixing has small particle size and high consistency. At the same time, they have a high-sealing design, high vacuum retention, which can effectively avoid external interference, adapt to the mixing needs of high-viscosity and high-solid-content lithium-ion power battery positive and negative electrode slurry, and are easy to clean and maintain, realizing a high degree of adaptation between equipment and process; at the same time, regularly maintain and calibrate the equipment to ensure stable equipment performance.
Environment End: Refined Regulation and Stable Maintenance
Build a dedicated process environment for lithium battery slurry preparation, strictly control the ambient temperature, humidity, and dew point (dew point ≤ -40℃), and build a constant temperature, constant humidity, low oxygen, and low humidity process microenvironment; realize real-time monitoring and automatic regulation of environmental parameters through the environmental monitoring system to avoid the interference of environmental factors on the slurry system.
Monitoring End: Online Detection and Closed-Loop Control
Equip the mixing process line with online detection equipment such as online viscometer, laser particle size analyzer, and Zeta potential analyzer to conduct real-time and non-contact detection of key indicators such as slurry viscosity, particle size distribution, and dispersion stability; build a process closed-loop control system based on detection data to realize dynamic regulation of slurry performance when indicators deviate from the process range.
Experimental Case Evidence: Influence Mechanism of Raw Material Microcharacteristics on Slurry Stability
The microcharacteristics of raw materials are the internal factors determining the process stability of the slurry. The following comparative experiment of two positive electrode materials analyzes the influence mechanism of raw material micro-morphology on the slurry gel time from the perspective of material characterization, and combines the application of mixing equipment to provide scientific reference for raw material selection, process equipment optimization and modification, which is of great significance for solving lithium battery slurry abnormalities.
Experimental Materials and Characterization Methods
Two positive electrode materials A and B were selected. The particle size distribution was detected by a laser particle size analyzer, and the micro-morphology was characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM); the same type of vacuum mixer was used, and the same process parameters (vacuum degree -0.09MPa, stirring speed 800r/min, temperature control 55℃, stirring time 2h) were set to prepare two kinds of slurries. The gel time of the slurries was recorded to explore the correlation between microcharacteristics and slurry stability, and to verify the improvement effect of the vacuum mixer on slurry stability. The jacket design of the vacuum mixer’s barrel can realize uniform temperature control, with a temperature error within ±1℃, ensuring the consistency of experimental conditions. Its reasonable stirring paddle design can strengthen the kneading effect, improve the dispersion uniformity, and provide guarantee for the accuracy of experimental results.
Experimental Results and Mechanism Analysis
Particle size distribution: The particle size distribution ranges of the two materials are similar, and the median particle size (D50) is about 10μm, but material A has an obvious small particle cluster peak around 1μm, indicating that its fine powder content is significantly higher than that of material B;
Micro-morphology: SEM characterization shows that material A has a lot of fine powder particles attached to its surface, while material B has a more regular surface morphology and extremely low fine powder content;
Slurry stability: Under the same mixing process, the gel time of the slurry prepared by material A is about 10h, and that of the slurry prepared by material B can reach 24h, so the slurry stability of material B is significantly better; at the same time, compared with the same batch of slurry prepared by the traditional open mixer, the gel time of the slurry prepared by the vacuum mixer is prolonged by 3-5h on average, indicating that its closed vacuum environment can effectively reduce the interference of moisture and air, delay the gelation process, and its efficient dispersion capacity can also reduce fine powder agglomeration, further improving the slurry stability.
Internal mechanism: The fine powder particles in the material have large specific surface area and high surface energy, which are prone to self-agglomeration. In addition, the fine powder particles will have excessive interface interaction with binders and solvents, accelerating the aggregation of binder molecular chains, destroying the thermodynamic stability of the slurry system, thereby shortening the gel time of the slurry and reducing the system stability. The vacuum mixer isolates moisture and air through a closed vacuum environment, reduces the secondary agglomeration of fine powder particles and interface side reactions, and at the same time, its uniform shearing and kneading effects can improve the dispersion of fine powder particles, further improving the slurry stability. This experiment shows that the selection of lithium battery raw materials not only needs to pay attention to macro indicators such as median particle size but also needs to control micro characteristics such as fine powder ratio through micro characterization. The fine powder content can also be reduced through surface modification, classification and screening, etc., to improve the process adaptability of raw materials; at the same time, the selection of suitable high-performance mixing equipment can effectively make up for the process defects of some raw materials and improve the slurry stability and process adaptability. Related experimental methods can be referenced in the Journal of Power Sources.
Conclusion
The essence of the lithium battery mixing process is to realize the interface regulation and uniform dispersion of the multiphase system. The occurrence of lithium battery slurry abnormalities is the result of the destruction of the thermodynamic stability or dynamic dispersion conditions of the system. From the perspective of scientific research, it is necessary to clarify the formation mechanisms and internal incentives of various abnormalities, and build scientific control ideas combined with basic theories such as colloid chemistry, interface chemistry, and rheology; from the perspective of industrialization, it is necessary to combine theoretical research with process practice, and realize the stabilization of the mixing process through full-process control of raw material screening, process parameter optimization, equipment upgrading, environmental regulation, and process monitoring.
With the research and industrialization of high-energy density and high-rate lithium batteries, higher requirements are put forward for the dispersion uniformity, stability, and process adaptability of the slurry. The optimization and upgrading of the mixing process will also develop in the direction of precision, intelligence, and greenization. Vacuum mixers, with their advantages of efficient dispersion, precise temperature control, and closed anti-interference, have become common equipment for solving lithium battery slurry abnormalities such as bubbling and uneven dispersion. Their performance upgrading and process adaptation will become an important direction for the optimization of the mixing process. Through the in-depth integration of basic scientific research and process research and development, the interaction laws of the slurry multiphase system are continuously analyzed, and the process control strategies and equipment performance are optimized, which will provide a solid process and theoretical support for the high-quality development of lithium battery electrode preparation.