In-Situ and Operando Measurement Tools

In-Situ X-ray Diffraction for Battery Electrodes

Operando Raman Spectroscopy for Electrolyte Analysis

In-Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) of Battery Materials

Operando Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (OEMS)

In-Situ Neutron Diffraction for Bulk Material Analysis

Operando Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for Interface Studies

In-Situ Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

Operando Optical Microscopy for Dendrite Observation

In-Situ Synchrotron X-ray Imaging

Operando Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (DEMS)

In-Situ Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy

Operando Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM)