Description

1,10-Phenanthroline (CAS: 66-71-7) is a heterocyclic organic compound with the molecular formula C₁₂H₈N₂. This nitrogen-containing bidentate chelating ligand is widely used in coordination chemistry due to its ability to form stable complexes with transition metals, particularly iron(II). The compound appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder with high purity, making it ideal for analytical and synthetic applications. It is soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and acetone but has limited solubility in water. 1,10-Phenanthroline is a versatile reagent employed in spectrophotometric assays, redox indicators, and catalysis research. Its rigid planar structure and strong metal-binding properties make it valuable in materials science, electrochemistry, and bioinorganic studies. Store in a cool, dry place away from light and moisture to ensure stability.

Properties

• CAS Number: 66-71-7
• Complexity: 182
• IUPAC Name: 1,10-phenanthroline
• InChI: InChI=1S/C12H8N2/c1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1/h1-8H
• InChI Key: DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Exact Mass: 180.068748264
• Molecular Formula: C12H8N2
• Molecular Weight: 180.20
• SMILES: C1=CC2=C(C3=C(C=CC=N3)C=C2)N=C1
• Topological: 25.8
• Monoisotopic Mass: 180.068748264
• Physical Description: Liquid
• Boiling Point: > 300 °C
• Solubility: >27 [ug/mL]
• Vapor Pressure: 0.0000523 [mmHg]
• Dissociation Constants: 4.27
• Synonyms: 1,10-phenanthroline, 66-71-7, o-phenanthroline, 4,5-diazaphenanthrene, 1,10-o-phenanthroline, orthophenanthroline, 2-phenanthroline, beta-phenanthroline, 1,10-Fenanthrolin, O-PHE, 1,10-Fenanthrolin [Czech], CCRIS 4855, Phenanthroline, 1,10-, EINECS 200-629-2, NSC 203545, 1,10-Fenanthroline, DTXSID1025857, CHEBI:44975, W4X6ZO7939, NSC-4265, PHENANTHROLINE, O-, NSC-203545, O-PHENANTHROLINE [MI], DTXCID405857, oPhenanthroline, 2Phenanthroline, betaPhenanthroline, 1,10Fenanthrolin, 1,10oPhenanthroline, 4,5Diazaphenanthrene, 200-629-2, 4,5-phenanthroline, Phenanthroline, phen, 1,10-Phenanthroline anhydrous, MFCD00011678, .beta.-Phenanthroline, [1,10]phenanthroline, 1,10-Phenanthroline, Anhydrous, MLS000069797, CHEMBL415879, NSC203545, NSC4265, SMR000058190, pyridino[3,2-h]quinoline, MLS002701886, CAS-66-71-7, PHN, Activ-8, phenantroline, UNII-W4X6ZO7939, Cyto5A5, 1,10-phenanthrolin, 1,10-phenantroline, 1,10-phenathroline, 1,10 phenanthroline, 1.10-phenanthroline, 1,1 0-phenanthroline, Opera_ID_711, [1,10]-Phenanthroline, Lopac-P-9375, Activ-8 in hexylene glycol, cid_1318, SCHEMBL8312, NCIStruc1_000192, NCIStruc2_000199, Lopac0_000985, SCHEMBL25101, SCHEMBL25121, SCHEMBL67041, SCHEMBL67915, SCHEMBL68795, SCHEMBL2406866, SCHEMBL2407179, SCHEMBL2407335, SCHEMBL2407347, SCHEMBL2407438, SCHEMBL2407975, SCHEMBL2408042, SCHEMBL2409386, SCHEMBL2409550, SCHEMBL2409957, SCHEMBL2410620, SCHEMBL2413550, SCHEMBL28366418, GTPL12425, WLN: T B666 CN NNJ, NCI4265, 1,10-Phenanthroline, >=99%, HMS2234D03, HMS3263E11, HMS3371F11, HMS5086M04, Tox21_201998, Tox21_303111, Tox21_500985, BDBM50092158, CCG-38059, NCGC00013043, s6830, SBB089685, STL069281, AKOS000281773, AC-3314, CS-W004544, DB02365, FP26867, HY-W004544, LP00985, SDCCGSBI-0050958.P003, NCGC00013043-02, NCGC00013043-03, NCGC00013043-04, NCGC00013043-05, NCGC00013043-06, NCGC00013043-07, NCGC00013043-08, NCGC00013043-09, NCGC00013043-10, NCGC00013043-13, NCGC00091201-01, NCGC00091201-02, NCGC00091201-03, NCGC00091201-04, NCGC00257123-01, NCGC00259547-01, NCGC00261670-01, AC-18353, AS-14043, NCI60_003976, SY004548, DB-013750, EU-0100985, NS00010855, P0221, P0879, P1826, P2099, ST45051101, EN300-35040, C00604, O10332, P 9375, AA-860/25004133, Q416005, SR-01000076093, CU-00000000156-1, doi:10.14272/DGEZNRSVGBDHLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N.1, SR-01000076093-1, F3377-1129, Titration solution for quantitative analysis of butyllithium, ?-Phenanthroline;1,10-o-Phenanthroline;4,5-Diazaphenanthrene, 1,10-Phenanthroline in combination with isoniazid and rifampicin, InChI=1/C12H8N2/c1-3-9-5-6-10-4-2-8-14-12(10)11(9)13-7-1/h1-8

Application

1,10-Phenanthroline is commonly used as a chelating agent in the spectrophotometric determination of iron(II), forming the distinctive red-orange ferroin complex. It serves as a redox indicator in analytical chemistry due to its reversible oxidation-reduction behavior. The compound is also utilized in catalysis research, particularly in oxidation reactions and as a ligand in transition metal complexes. Additionally, it finds applications in materials science for the development of luminescent and electroactive materials.

Safety and Hazards

GHS Hazard Statements

• H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]
• H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

Precautionary Statements

• P264, P270, P273, P301+P316, P321, P330, P391, P405, and P501

Hazard Classes and Categories

• Acute Tox. 3 (99.8%)
• Aquatic Acute 1 (99.5%)
• Aquatic Chronic 1 (99.7%)

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