Description

Glycolic Acid (CAS 79-14-1) is a high-purity alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) with the molecular formula C₂H₄O₃ and IUPAC name 2-hydroxyacetic acid. This colorless, odorless, and hygroscopic crystalline solid is widely utilized in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and chemical research applications due to its excellent exfoliating, chelating, and moisturizing properties. Our premium-grade Glycolic Acid is rigorously tested for purity, ensuring optimal performance in formulations. It is soluble in water, alcohols, and acetone, making it highly versatile for laboratory and industrial use. Available in multiple concentrations and packaging options to meet diverse research needs.

Properties

• CAS Number: 79-14-1
• Complexity: 40.2
• IUPAC Name: 2-hydroxyacetic acid
• InChI: InChI=1S/C2H4O3/c3-1-2(4)5/h3H,1H2,(H,4,5)
• InChI Key: AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
• Exact Mass: 76.016043985
• Molecular Formula: C2H4O3
• Molecular Weight: 76.05
• SMILES: C(C(=O)O)O
• Topological: 57.5
• Monoisotopic Mass: 76.016043985
• Physical Description: Liquid; NKRA
• Color/Form: Colorless, translucent solid
• Odor: Odorless
• Boiling Point: 100 °C
• Solubility: Soluble in ethanol, ethyl ether
• Density: 1.49 at 25 °C/4 °C
• Vapor Density: Relative vapor density : 2.6
• Vapor Pressure: 0.02 [mmHg]
• Stability/Shelf Life: Stable under recommended storage conditions.
• Heat of Combustion: -697.23 kJ/mole
• Dissociation Constants: 3.83
• Synonyms: glycolic acid, 2-Hydroxyacetic acid, hydroxyacetic acid, Hydroxyethanoic acid, Acetic acid, hydroxy-, Kyselina glykolova, Kyselina hydroxyoctova, 2-Hydroxyethanoic acid, HOCH2COOH, EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 000101, HSDB 5227, NSC 166, AI3-15362, BRN 1209322, NSC-166, EINECS 201-180-5, UNII-0WT12SX38S, 0WT12SX38S, CCRIS 9474, DTXSID0025363, CHEBI:17497, DTXCID105363, EC 201-180-5, 4-03-00-00571 (Beilstein Handbook Reference), GLYCOLIC ACID (MART.), GLYCOLIC ACID [MART.], OceanBlu Barrier, OceanBlu Pre-Post, pari 30% Glycolic Acid Peel, pari 70% Glycolic Acid Peel, USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 000101, VILLAGE 11 FACTORY RELAX DAY AHA EXFOLIATING BODY, 201-180-5, 79-14-1, Glycollic acid, glycolate, Polyglycolide, Acetic acid, 2-hydroxy-, Caswell No. 470, alpha-Hydroxyacetic acid, Kyselina glykolova [Czech], MFCD00004312, Kyselina hydroxyoctova [Czech], Glycocide, GlyPure, GlyPure 70, .alpha.-Hydroxyacetic acid, GLYCOLLATE, NSC166, GOA, C2H3O3-, Glycolate Standard: C2H3O3- @ 1000 microg/mL in H2O, glycolicacid, C2H4O3, 2-Hydroxyacetic acid;2-Hydroxyethanoic acid;GlyPure, Hydroxyethanoate, a-Hydroxyacetate, hydroxy-acetic acid, 2-Hydroxyaceticacid, 3-((3S,8R,9S,10R,13S,14S)-3-ethoxy-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)pyridine, alpha-Hydroxyacetate, (R)-hydroxy ester, a-Hydroxyacetic acid, 2-hydroxy acetic acid, 2-hydroxy-acetic acid, 2-hydroxyl ethanoic acid, Glycolic acid (Standard), HO-CH2-COOH, Glycolic acid 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile, Hydroxyacetic acid solution, bmse000245, WLN: QV1Q, GLYCOLIC ACID [MI], SCHEMBL1222, Glycolic acid (7CI,8CI), SCHEMBL95391, GLYCOLIC ACID [VANDF], SCHEMBL596773, Glycolic acid, p.a., 98%, Acetic acid, hydroxy- (9CI), CHEMBL252557, SCHEMBL1903685, SCHEMBL4580634, SCHEMBL8650885, GLYCOLIC ACID [WHO-DD], CHEBI:17375, Glycolic Acid, Crystal, Reagent, HYDROXYACETIC ACID [HSDB], CHEBI:231641, HMS5085I14, BCP28762, Glycolic acid, >=97.0% (T), HY-W015967R, STR00936, (2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid, Tox21_301298, (2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acids, MSK000963, s6272, STL197955, AKOS000118921, Glycolic acid – 70% aqueous solution, Glycolic acid, ReagentPlus(R), 99%, CS-W016683, DB03085, FG23693, FG59493, HY-W015967, SB83760, CAS-79-14-1, NCGC00160612-01, NCGC00160612-02, NCGC00257533-01, DA-73802, Glycolic acid solution, 70 wt. % in H2O, G0110, G0196, NS00009686, EN300-19242, Glycolic acid, SAJ special grade, >=98.0%, C00160, C03547, D78078, Glycolic acid, Vetec(TM) reagent grade, 98%, HYDROXYACETIC ACID; HYDROXYETHANOIC ACID, Glycolic acid, BioXtra, >=98.0% (titration), Q409373, F2191-0224, Hydroxyacetic acid; Hydroxyethanoic acid; Glycollic acid, Z104473274, 287EB351-FF9F-4A67-B4B9-D626406C9B13, Glycolic acid, certified reference material, TraceCERT(R), InChI=1/C2H4O3/c3-1-2(4)5/h3H,1H2,(H,4,5, Glycolic acid, anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri(TM), ReagentPlus(R), 99%, Glycolic Acid, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material, 5980-14-3, O7Z

Application

Glycolic Acid is extensively used in dermatology and cosmetics as a key ingredient in chemical peels, anti-aging creams, and acne treatments due to its ability to promote skin cell turnover. In industrial applications, it serves as a pH adjuster, cleaning agent, and precursor for biodegradable polymers. Researchers also employ it in organic synthesis and as a chelating agent in metal surface treatments.

Safety and Hazards

GHS Hazard Statements

• H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]
• H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]
• H333: May be harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]

Precautionary Statements

• P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P317, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501

Hazard Classes and Categories

• Acute toxicity – Category 4
• Acute toxicity – Category 4
• Skin corrosion/irritation – Category 1B
• Serious eye damage/eye irritation – Category 1
• Reproductive toxicity – Category 2
• Specific target organ toxicity – Single exposure – Category 1
• Specific target organ toxicity – Repeated exposure – Category 2
• Hazardous to the aquatic environment – Category 3

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Disclaimer: Sold exclusively for laboratory research. Prohibited for commercial use, diagnostics, or human/animal applications. Buyers assume all compliance liability.