Biohybrid Organic Electronics

Biohybrid organic electronics integrate biological components with synthetic organic materials to create devices with unique functionalities. A recent breakthrough involves incorporating photosynthetic proteins into organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells, achieving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of up to 12% under simulated sunlight. These proteins exhibit quantum efficiencies exceeding 95% in light harvesting, significantly enhancing charge generation compared to traditional OPV materials like P3HT:PCBM blends (~8% PCE). Furthermore, the use of genetically engineered bacteriorhodopsin has enabled light-driven proton pumping in biohybrid transistors, opening new possibilities for energy-efficient neuromorphic computing systems operating at femtojoule per spike energy levels.

The interface between biological components and organic semiconductors is critical for optimizing charge transfer in biohybrid devices. Studies have demonstrated that functionalizing conductive polymers like PEDOT:PSS with biomimetic peptides can improve biocompatibility while maintaining high conductivity (>100 S/cm). For instance, peptide-modified PEDOT:PSS films have shown stable operation in physiological environments for over 100 hours without degradation. Additionally, atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques have been employed to create ultrathin (<5 nm) oxide barriers that prevent protein denaturation while facilitating efficient electron tunneling across interfaces in biohybrid sensors and actuators operating at sub-microwatt power levels.|Biohybrid systems are also being explored for their potential in biosensing applications due to their high sensitivity and specificity towards target analytes."

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