Recent advancements in MoSe2-based catalysis have demonstrated its exceptional potential in hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). A breakthrough study published in *Nature Energy* revealed that edge-terminated MoSe2 nanosheets exhibit a remarkably low overpotential of 36 mV at 10 mA/cm², outperforming traditional platinum-based catalysts. This is attributed to the optimized electronic structure and abundant active sites at the edges. Furthermore, doping with transition metals such as cobalt has enhanced HER activity, achieving a Tafel slope of 38 mV/dec, which is among the lowest reported for non-precious metal catalysts. These findings underscore MoSe2’s role as a cost-effective and efficient alternative for renewable energy applications.
In the realm of carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR), MoSe2 has emerged as a promising candidate due to its tunable bandgap and high selectivity. A recent study in *Science Advances* showcased that defect-engineered MoSe2 monolayers achieved a Faradaic efficiency of 92% for CO production at -0.8 V vs. RHE, surpassing most transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). The introduction of selenium vacancies was found to enhance CO2 adsorption and activation, while maintaining stability over 100 hours of operation. This breakthrough paves the way for scalable CO2RR systems, addressing global carbon emissions with high-performance catalytic materials.
MoSe2 has also shown remarkable potential in nitrogen reduction reactions (NRR) for ammonia synthesis under ambient conditions. A pioneering study in *Nature Catalysis* reported that MoSe2 nanosheets with sulfur doping achieved an ammonia yield rate of 32.5 µg/h·mgcat at -0.3 V vs. RHE, with a Faradaic efficiency of 18.7%. The synergistic effect of sulfur doping and intrinsic defects significantly improved N2 adsorption and dissociation kinetics, offering a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. This discovery highlights MoSe2’s versatility in addressing critical challenges in industrial catalysis.
The integration of MoSe2 into hybrid catalytic systems has further expanded its applications. A recent *Advanced Materials* study demonstrated that MoSe2/graphene heterostructures exhibited a turnover frequency (TOF) of 12,000 h⁻¹ for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), nearly three times higher than standalone MoSe2 or graphene catalysts. The enhanced performance was attributed to improved charge transfer kinetics and increased active surface area, achieved through precise interfacial engineering. Such hybrid systems hold immense promise for next-generation electrochemical devices, including fuel cells and water-splitting technologies.
Finally, advancements in scalable synthesis techniques have addressed key challenges in MoSe2 production for catalytic applications. A breakthrough in *ACS Nano* introduced a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method that yielded large-area, defect-free MoSe2 monolayers with 95% uniformity across substrates. This method achieved a record growth rate of 1 µm/min while maintaining catalytic activity comparable to exfoliated samples. These developments ensure the feasibility of industrial-scale deployment, positioning MoSe2 as a cornerstone material in sustainable catalysis.
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