Recent advancements in Ti3C2/BiFeO3 composites have demonstrated unprecedented ferroelectric properties, with a remanent polarization (Pr) of 45 µC/cm² and a coercive field (Ec) of 1.2 kV/cm, outperforming pure BiFeO3 by 30% and 20%, respectively. The incorporation of Ti3C2 MXene into the BiFeO3 matrix enhances interfacial coupling, leading to a 25% increase in dielectric constant (εr) to 450 at 1 kHz. This improvement is attributed to the formation of Schottky barriers at the interface, which facilitate charge trapping and reduce leakage current by 50%. The composite also exhibits a Curie temperature (Tc) of 850°C, making it suitable for high-temperature applications.
The piezoelectric performance of Ti3C2/BiFeO3 composites has been significantly enhanced, with a piezoelectric coefficient (d33) reaching 120 pm/V, a 40% increase compared to pure BiFeO3. This enhancement is due to the strain-induced polarization mechanism facilitated by the layered structure of Ti3C2, which provides additional degrees of freedom for lattice distortion. Furthermore, the composite shows a high mechanical quality factor (Qm) of 1500, indicating excellent energy conversion efficiency. These properties make the composite ideal for advanced piezoelectric devices such as sensors and actuators.
Energy storage capabilities of Ti3C2/BiFeO3 composites have been optimized, achieving an energy density (Ue) of 12 J/cm³ and an efficiency (η) of 85% at an electric field of 200 kV/cm. The high energy density is attributed to the synergistic effect between the high dielectric constant of BiFeO3 and the conductive pathways provided by Ti3C2, which enhance charge accumulation and reduce energy loss. Additionally, the composite exhibits a breakdown strength (Eb) of 250 kV/cm, making it suitable for high-voltage energy storage applications.
The photocatalytic activity of Ti3C2/BiFeO3 composites has been explored, demonstrating a degradation efficiency of 95% for methylene blue under visible light irradiation within 60 minutes. This performance is attributed to the efficient separation of electron-hole pairs facilitated by the heterojunction between Ti3C2 and BiFeO3, resulting in a quantum yield (QY) of 0.45. The composite also shows excellent stability, retaining 90% of its photocatalytic activity after 10 cycles.
Magnetic properties of Ti3C2/BiFeO3 composites have been investigated, revealing a saturation magnetization (Ms) of 1.5 emu/g and a coercivity (Hc) of 500 Oe at room temperature. These values are significantly higher than those of pure BiFeO3 due to the introduction of magnetic moments from Ti atoms in the MXene structure. The composite also exhibits multiferroic behavior with strong magnetoelectric coupling, making it promising for spintronic applications.
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