High-Entropy Alloy Anodes for Low-Temperature Batteries

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are emerging as revolutionary anode materials for low-temperature batteries due to their exceptional mechanical stability and tunable electrochemical properties.|Recent studies have demonstrated that HEAs such as CrMnFeCoNi achieve specific capacities exceeding |400 mAh/g at |-40°C|compared to traditional graphite anodes which suffer severe capacity fading below |-20°C.|The unique multi-element composition minimizes lattice distortion during lithiation|ensuring structural integrity even under extreme conditions.|The development of nanostructured HEAs has further enhanced their performance.|For instance|nanoporous HEA anodes exhibit charge transfer resistances as low as |25 Ω cm² at |-30°C|a |60% reduction compared to bulk counterparts.|The high surface area facilitates rapid ion diffusion|while the inherent disorder reduces activation energy barriers from |0..5 eV to |0..3 eV.|These improvements make HEAs ideal candidates for Arctic exploration and deep-sea applications.|Electrolyte compatibility is another critical factor.|A recent study showed that pairing HEA anodes with ionic liquid electrolytes achieves coulombic efficiencies exceeding |99..5% at |-40°C.|The synergistic interaction between the alloy surface and electrolyte ions minimizes dendrite formation|extending cycle life by up to |300 cycles without degradation.|Future research is focusing on optimizing HEA compositions for specific temperature ranges.|For example|incorporating rare-earth elements like lanthanum can enhance conductivity by |20% while maintaining structural stability down to |-50 ° C . These advancements position HEAs as a transformative technology |for next-generation low temperature batteries.

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