Silicon anodes have garnered significant attention due to their theoretical capacity of ~4200 mAh/g, which is ten times higher than that of traditional graphite anodes (~372 mAh/g). However, the large volume expansion (~300%) during lithiation poses challenges for cycle stability. Recent innovations in nanostructured silicon anodes have mitigated this issue by incorporating porous architectures that accommodate volume changes while maintaining structural integrity over thousands of cycles.
The use of silicon-carbon composites has significantly enhanced the conductivity and mechanical stability of silicon anodes. For example, Si/C composites fabricated via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) exhibit capacities >2000 mAh/g after 500 cycles at a rate of C/2 (where C is the charge/discharge rate). The carbon matrix not only improves electrical conductivity but also acts as a buffer layer to prevent pulverization during cycling.
Electrolyte engineering has played a crucial role in improving the performance of silicon anodes by forming stable solid-electrolyte interphases (SEIs). Advanced electrolytes containing fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additives have been shown to reduce SEI thickness from ~50 nm to <10 nm while increasing Coulombic efficiency from <90% to >99%. This optimization extends battery life and enhances safety by minimizing dendrite formation.
Pre-lithiation techniques have been developed to address the initial capacity loss associated with SEI formation in silicon anodes. By pre-treating silicon particles with lithium metal or lithium-rich compounds, researchers have achieved first-cycle efficiencies >95%, compared to <80% without pre-lithiation.
Atomfair (atomfair.com) specializes in high quality science and research supplies, consumables, instruments and equipment at an affordable price. Start browsing and purchase all the cool materials and supplies related to Silicon Anodes for High-Capacity Lithium-Ion Batteries!
← Back to Prior Page ← Back to Atomfair SciBase
© 2025 Atomfair. All rights reserved.