Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy has revealed exciton lifetimes as short as 10 ps in halide perovskites, highlighting their potential for high-speed optoelectronic applications. Time-resolved photoluminescence studies further demonstrate carrier diffusion lengths exceeding 1 µm, facilitated by low trap densities (<10^15 cm^-3). These properties make perovskites ideal candidates for next-generation solar cells and light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
The role of spin-orbit coupling in perovskite excitonic dynamics has been elucidated through femtosecond circular dichroism measurements. Spin-polarized excitons exhibit coherence times of up to 5 ps at room temperature, enabling spintronic applications without the need for cryogenic cooling. This is attributed to the Rashba effect, which splits excitonic states by up to 50 meV under applied electric fields.
Non-radiative recombination pathways in perovskites have been suppressed through surface passivation techniques using organic ligands like phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI). This reduces non-radiative recombination rates by an order of magnitude, achieving photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) above 95%. Such improvements are critical for reducing energy losses in photovoltaic devices.
The impact of lattice vibrations on excitonic properties has been investigated using ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy. Acoustic phonon modes with frequencies below 2 THz are found to dominate exciton-phonon coupling, leading to rapid thermalization within picoseconds. Understanding these interactions is essential for designing materials with tailored thermal and electronic properties.
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