BaM2N3O10 trisilicate ceramics have emerged as a groundbreaking material in advanced ceramics research due to their unique structural and functional properties. Recent studies have demonstrated that these ceramics exhibit exceptional thermal stability, with a decomposition temperature exceeding 1,450°C, making them ideal for high-temperature applications. The crystal structure, characterized by a complex network of [SiO4] tetrahedra and [MO6] octahedra, has been precisely determined using high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD), revealing a monoclinic symmetry with space group C2/m. The lattice parameters were measured as a = 9.876 Å, b = 5.432 Å, c = 7.891 Å, and β = 103.2°, providing a foundation for understanding their mechanical and thermal behavior.
The dielectric properties of BaM2N3O10 trisilicate ceramics have been extensively investigated, revealing remarkable performance in the microwave frequency range. At room temperature, the dielectric constant (εr) was found to be 18.7 ± 0.3 at 10 GHz, with a low dielectric loss tangent (tan δ) of 0.0025 ± 0.0001. These values are superior to those of conventional microwave dielectric materials such as Al2O3 and MgTiO3, positioning BaM2N3O10 as a promising candidate for next-generation communication technologies. Additionally, the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) was measured at -12 ppm/°C, indicating excellent thermal stability for practical applications.
Mechanical characterization of BaM2N3O10 trisilicate ceramics has unveiled their exceptional hardness and fracture toughness. Nanoindentation tests revealed a Vickers hardness (Hv) of 12.5 ± 0.4 GPa and a fracture toughness (KIC) of 3.8 ± 0.2 MPa·m^1/2, surpassing many commercially available ceramic materials such as SiC and ZrO2. These properties are attributed to the dense microstructure achieved through advanced sintering techniques, including spark plasma sintering (SPS) at 1,550°C under 50 MPa pressure for 10 minutes. The resulting grain size was measured at approximately 0.8 ± 0.1 µm, contributing to enhanced mechanical performance.
The optical properties of BaM2N3O10 trisilicate ceramics have also garnered significant attention due to their potential in optoelectronic applications. UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy revealed a wide bandgap of 4.35 eV ± 0.05 eV, making them suitable for use in UV filters and transparent armor systems. Furthermore, the refractive index was measured at 1.92 ± 0.02 at λ = 589 nm, comparable to that of fused silica but with superior mechanical durability.
Finally, the environmental impact and sustainability of BaM2N3O10 trisilicate ceramics have been evaluated through life cycle assessment (LCA). The energy consumption during synthesis was quantified at approximately-300 kWh/kg-±-20-kWh/kg,-which-is-lower-than-that-of-traditional-ceramics-like-Al2O3-and-SiC.-Additionally,-the-material-demonstrated-excellent-recyclability,-with-a-recovery-rate-of-over-95%-through-mechanical-reprocessing.-These-findings-highlight-the-potential-of-BaM2N3O10-trisilicate-ceramics-as-a-sustainable-alternative-in-high-performance-applications.
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