Grid-scale energy storage

Lithium-ion battery systems for grid storage

Flow battery technologies for grid applications

Compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems

Pumped hydro storage for grid stability

Thermal energy storage for grid integration

Sodium-sulfur (NaS) batteries for grid storage

Flywheel energy storage for grid frequency regulation

Hydrogen storage for grid balancing

Supercapacitors for grid ancillary services

Gravity-based storage (e.g., Energy Vault)

Hybrid storage systems for grid optimization

Grid-scale battery management systems (BMS)