State of Health (SOH) Monitoring Tools

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) for SOH Estimation

Coulomb Counting and Capacity Fade Analysis

Machine Learning-Based SOH Prediction Models

Differential Voltage Analysis (DVA) for Degradation Tracking

Thermal Behavior Monitoring for SOH Estimation

Ultrasonic Sensing for Internal Battery Degradation

Hybrid SOH Estimation Methods Combining Multiple Techniques

Aging Models and Empirical Correlations for SOH

Optical Fiber Sensors for In-Situ SOH Monitoring

Cloud-Based SOH Monitoring and Fleet Analytics